Gustave Jéquier (14 August 1868 – 24 March 1946) was born in and died in

Neuchâtel , neighboring_municipalities= Auvernier, Boudry, Chabrey (VD), Colombier, Cressier, Cudrefin (VD), Delley-Portalban (FR), Enges, Fenin-Vilars-Saules, Hauterive, Saint-Blaise, Savagnier , twintowns = Aarau (Switzerland), Besançon (France), ...

Switzerland ). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...

. He was an

Egyptologist Egyptology (from ''Egypt'' and Greek , '' -logia''; ar, علم المصريات) is the study of ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious ...

and one of the first

archaeologists Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscap ...

to excavate ancient

Persia Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

n cities in what is now

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

. He was a member of

Jacques de Morgan Jean-Jacques de Morgan (3 June 1857, Huisseau-sur-Cosson, Loir-et-Cher – 14 June 1924) was a French people, French mining engineer, geologist, and archaeologist. He was the director of antiquities in Khedivate of Egypt, Egypt during the 19th ...

's 1901

Susa Susa ( ; Middle elx, 𒀸𒋗𒊺𒂗, translit=Šušen; Middle and Neo- elx, 𒋢𒋢𒌦, translit=Šušun; Neo-Elamite and Achaemenid elx, 𒀸𒋗𒐼𒀭, translit=Šušán; Achaemenid elx, 𒀸𒋗𒐼, translit=Šušá; fa, شوش ...

expedition, which led to the discovery of the famous

Code of Hammurabi The Code of Hammurabi is a Babylonian legal text composed 1755–1750 BC. It is the longest, best-organised, and best-preserved legal text from the ancient Near East. It is written in the Old Babylonian dialect of Akkadian, purportedly by Hamm ...

, now on display in the

Louvre The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is the world's most-visited museum, and an historic landmark in Paris, France. It is the home of some of the best-known works of art, including the ''Mona Lisa'' and the ''Venus de Milo''. A central l ...

. Jéquier began his career under the guidance of the Egyptologists

Gaston Maspero Sir Gaston Camille Charles Maspero (23 June 1846 – 30 June 1916) was a French Egyptologist known for popularizing the term "Sea Peoples" in an 1881 paper. Maspero's son, Henri Maspero, became a notable sinologist and scholar of East Asia. ...

and Jacques de Morgan, and specialized in the

Predynastic Period Prehistoric Egypt and Predynastic Egypt span the period from the earliest human settlement to the beginning of the Early Dynastic Period around 3100 BC, starting with the first Pharaoh, Narmer for some Egyptologists, Hor-Aha for others, with th ...

. He participated in major excavations sponsored by the

Supreme Council of Antiquities The Supreme Council of Antiquities (SCA) was a department of the Egyptian Ministry of Culture from 1994 to 2011. It was the government body responsible for the conservation, protection and regulation of all antiquities and archaeological excavatio ...

. Jéquier excavated sites at

Saqqara Saqqara ( ar, سقارة, ), also spelled Sakkara or Saccara in English , is an Egyptian village in Giza Governorate, that contains ancient burial grounds of Egyptian royalty, serving as the necropolis for the ancient Egyptian capital, Memphis. ...

, such as the

pyramid of Ibi Qakare Ibi was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh during the early First Intermediate Period (2181–2055 BC) and the 14th ruler of the Eighth dynasty of Egypt, Eighth Dynasty.Jürgen von Beckerath: ''Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen'', Münchner ...

and the

pyramid of Khendjer The pyramid of Khendjer was a pyramid built for the burial of the 13th dynasty pharaoh Khendjer, who ruled Egypt c. 1760 BC during the Second Intermediate Period. The pyramid, which is part of larger complex comprising a mortuary temple, a chape ...

, at

Dahshur DahshurAlso transliterated ''Dahshour'' (in English often called ''Dashur'' ar, دهشور ' , ''Dahchur'') is a royal necropolis located in the desert on the west bank of the Nile approximately south of Cairo. It is known chiefly for several p ...

Lisht Lisht or el-Lisht ( ar, اللشت, translit=Al-Lišt) is an Egyptian village located south of Cairo. It is the site of Middle Kingdom royal and elite burials, including two pyramids built by Amenemhat I and Senusret I. The two main pyramids were ...

, and

Mazghuna Mazghuna (also known as ''Al Mazghunah'' or ''Al-Muzghumah''), 5 km to the south of Dahshur, is the site of several mudbrick pyramids dating from the 12th Dynasty. The area was explored by Ernest Mackay in 1910, and was excavated by Flinders ...

. Jéquier's work on the

Pyramid Texts The Pyramid Texts are the oldest ancient Egyptian funerary texts, dating to the late Old Kingdom. They are the earliest known corpus of ancient Egyptian religious texts. Written in Old Egyptian, the pyramid texts were carved onto the subterranea ...

was a significant step forward in the understanding of these religious works.

Publications

* Avec J.E. Gautier, ''Mémoire sur les fouilles de Licht'', 1902 * Avec

Georges Legrain Georges Albert Legrain (4 October 1865, in Paris – 22 August 1917, in Luxor) was a French Egyptologist. Life and work From 1883 to 1890 Legrain was a student at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, but he also studied Egyptology at that time, ...

Urbain Bouriant Urbain Bouriant (11 April 1849 – 19 June 1903) was a French Egyptologist, who discovered the Gospel of Peter in a tomb at Akhmim. He is best known from his translation of Al-Maqrizi, published as ''Description topographique et historique de l'Eg ...

, ''Monuments pour servir à l'étude du culte d'Atonou en Égypte I'', 1903 * ''Décoration égyptienne, plafonds et frises végétales du Nouvel Empire thébain (1400-1000 av. J.-C.)'', 1911 * ''Les Temples memphites et thébains des origines à la XVIIIe dynastie'', 1920 * ''Les Temples ramessides et saïtes de la XIXe à la XXXe dynastie'', 1922 * ''Le mastabat Faraoun : douze ans de fouilles à Saqqarah'', 1928 * ''La Pyramide d'Oudjebten'', 1928 * ''Deux pyramides du moyen empire'', 1932 * ''Les pyramides des reines Neit et Apouit'', Fouilles à Saqqarah, 1933 * ''La pyramide d'Aba'', 1935 * ''Rapport préliminaire sur les travaux exécutés en 1935-1936 dans la partie méridionale de la nécropole memphite'', ASAE, 1936 * ''Le monument funéraire de Pépi II'', volume I. : Le tombeau royal, 1936 ; volume II. : Le temple, 1938 ; volume III. : Les du temple, 1940 - IFAO * ''Douze ans de fouilles dans la nécropole memphite, 1924-1936'', Université de Neuchâtel, 1940 * Avec Léon et Michel Jéquier, ''Armorial neuchâtelois. Avec la collaboration de Gustave Jéquier'', Neuchâtel, La Baconnière, 1941–1944 * ''Considérations sur les religions égyptiennes'', Neuchâtel, La Baconnière, 1946

References

External links

Biography of Gustave Jéquier (French language)
* * 1868 births 1946 deaths Swiss Egyptologists People from Neuchâtel {{Egyptologist-stub